The Kennedy Half Dollar is one of the most iconic coins in American history. Introduced in 1964 to honor the late President John F. Kennedy, it became an instant symbol of patriotism, hope, and national pride. For coin collectors, the Kennedy Half Dollar offers a rich history, diverse variations, and a few rare pieces that are considered the “Holy Grail” of this series. But what exactly makes some Kennedy Half Dollars so special and valuable? Let’s dive into the world of these coveted coins.
The Origins of the Kennedy Half Dollar
The Kennedy Half Dollar was rushed into production following the tragic assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963. The U.S. Mint worked quickly to design and release the coin, which was initially minted in 90% silver for its 1964 issue. Sculptor Gilroy Roberts designed the obverse (front) of the coin, which features a portrait of Kennedy, while the reverse was designed by Frank Gasparro and showcases the presidential seal.
The release of the Kennedy Half Dollar was met with an overwhelming public response, leading to millions being hoarded by collectors and citizens alike. Though production of the coin continued, its silver content was gradually reduced until it became a primarily copper-nickel clad coin starting in 1971.
What Makes the Kennedy Half Dollar So Special?
While millions of Kennedy Half Dollars have been minted over the decades, a few rare coins stand out and are considered the “Holy Grail” for collectors. Here’s what makes these coins so special:
1. The 1964 Kennedy Half Dollar
The 1964 Kennedy Half Dollar, minted in 90% silver, is one of the most sought-after coins in the series. This coin marked the beginning of the Kennedy Half Dollar’s production and was issued at a time of national mourning and reverence for JFK. Because of its historical significance and silver content, the 1964 edition has long been prized by collectors.
However, what makes certain 1964 Kennedy Half Dollars truly special is the existence of rare Proof and SMS (Special Mint Set) versions. A 1964 SMS Kennedy Half Dollar, for example, is extremely rare, with only a few known to exist. These coins were struck with special care and display an enhanced level of detail and finish, making them highly valuable.
2. The 1970-D Kennedy Half Dollar
The 1970-D Kennedy Half Dollar was minted in Denver and is significant because it was the last Kennedy Half Dollar to contain any silver (40% silver content). This coin was only issued in mint sets and was never released for general circulation. As a result, it is relatively rare and highly sought after by collectors. Its low mintage numbers and silver content make it a valuable find for those lucky enough to acquire one.
3. The 1964 Accented Hair Variety
One of the most famous varieties of the Kennedy Half Dollar is the 1964 “Accented Hair” Proof coin. This variety is distinguished by the extra detail in Kennedy’s hair, which was later modified to a less detailed design. Only a small number of these coins were produced before the design change, making them rare and valuable. Collectors prize the “Accented Hair” variety for its distinctive look and its connection to the first year of the Kennedy Half Dollar’s release.
4. Error Coins
Error coins are a major attraction for collectors, and the Kennedy Half Dollar has had its share of notable errors. For example, some 1964 Kennedy Half Dollars were struck on planchets intended for quarters, resulting in a smaller, off-metal coin. These error coins are extremely rare and can fetch tens of thousands of dollars at auction.
Other famous errors include double-die varieties, where the coin’s design appears doubled due to a mistake during the minting process. These coins are prized for their uniqueness and rarity, making them valuable additions to any collection.
5. The 1964-D High-Relief Kennedy Half Dollar
Another rare variation is the 1964-D High-Relief Kennedy Half Dollar. In its first year of production, the Kennedy Half Dollar was struck with a higher relief, meaning the details of the design were more pronounced and raised. These high-relief coins were only produced for a short time before the mint adjusted the relief level, making these early high-relief versions rare and valuable.
The Holy Grail: 1964 SMS Kennedy Half Dollar
Among all the rare Kennedy Half Dollars, the 1964 SMS (Special Mint Set) Kennedy Half Dollar is often considered the “Holy Grail.” Only a handful of these coins are known to exist, and their origins remain somewhat mysterious. These coins were never officially released to the public, and experts believe they may have been created as test strikes or prototypes.
What sets the 1964 SMS Kennedy Half Dollar apart is its unique finish and striking detail. The coin has a satin-like appearance, different from the traditional proof or circulation coins of the era. Because so few were made and their history is shrouded in mystery, the 1964 SMS Kennedy Half Dollar can command prices of over $100,000 at auction.
Collecting Kennedy Half Dollars
For collectors, the Kennedy Half Dollar series offers a fascinating journey through U.S. history and numismatics. Whether you’re seeking the more common silver coins from the 1960s or the rare varieties and error coins, there’s something for everyone in this series.
To start collecting, it’s important to focus on a few key areas:
- Condition: Coins in mint condition, especially those that have never been circulated, are more valuable.
- Rarity: Varieties, error coins, and low-mintage coins like the 1970-D and 1964 Accented Hair are particularly desirable.
- Authentication: Given the value of rare Kennedy Half Dollars, it’s essential to have your coins authenticated and graded by a professional service to ensure their legitimacy.
FAQs
1. What is the most valuable Kennedy Half Dollar?
The most valuable Kennedy Half Dollar is the 1964 SMS (Special Mint Set) coin. With only a few known to exist, it can sell for over $100,000 at auction.
2. How can I tell if my 1964 Kennedy Half Dollar is a rare “Accented Hair” variety?
Look closely at the hair above Kennedy’s ear. The “Accented Hair” variety has more detailed and prominent hair strands. Additionally, the “I” in “LIBERTY” on the obverse is missing a serif.
3. Why is the 1970-D Kennedy Half Dollar rare?
The 1970-D Kennedy Half Dollar was the last to contain silver (40%) and was only issued in mint sets, never released for circulation, making it rarer than other half dollars.
4. Are Kennedy Half Dollars still being made?
Yes, Kennedy Half Dollars are still minted today, but they are produced in much lower quantities and are primarily made for collectors rather than for circulation.
5. How can I start collecting Kennedy Half Dollars?
To start collecting, focus on acquiring key dates like the 1964 silver issues, the 1970-D coin, and any error or variety coins. Be sure to store your coins properly and consider having them authenticated by a grading service.
Conclusion
The Kennedy Half Dollar remains a beloved and iconic part of American numismatics. Whether you’re a casual collector or a dedicated enthusiast, discovering the rare varieties and hidden gems of this coin series is a rewarding pursuit. The “Holy Grail” of Kennedy Half Dollars, like the 1964 SMS coin, serves as a testament to the rarity and beauty that coin collecting can offer.
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